Bass Guitar Tuning Guide
Standard Bass Tuning
4-string bass standard tuning (E-A-D-G) matches the lowest four strings of a guitar, one octave lower. From lowest to highest: E1 (41.20 Hz), A1 (55 Hz), D2 (73.42 Hz), G2 (98 Hz). 5-string bass adds a low B string (B0 at 30.87 Hz).
4-String vs 5-String Bass
| Configuration | Tuning (Low to High) | Best For |
|---|---|---|
| 4-String Standard | E-A-D-G | Rock, pop, most bass lines |
| 5-String Standard | B-E-A-D-G | Extended range, metal, modern music |
Bass Tuning Tips
- Use thicker picks or fingers – Bass strings need more attack for clear pitch detection
- Pluck near the neck – This produces a purer fundamental tone for accurate tuning
- Let strings ring – Bass notes decay slower, give the tuner time to lock on
- Tune the low B carefully – On 5-string bass, the B string is harder to detect, pluck firmly
- Check intonation – If the 12th fret harmonic doesn't match the fretted note, adjust saddles
Common Bass Tuning Issues
- Dead spots – Some notes may sustain poorly due to neck resonance, not a tuning issue
- Old strings – Bass strings last longer but eventually lose brightness and tuning stability
- Nut slots – Improperly cut nut slots cause tuning instability, especially on open strings
- Bridge height – String height affects intonation; lower action can help tuning accuracy
When to Use Drop D on Bass
Drop D tuning (D-A-D-G) on 4-string bass is popular in metal and hard rock. It provides easy access to low D without needing a 5-string, making power riffs simpler to play. Simply tune your E string down one whole step to D (36.71 Hz).